HTML Audio & Video Tags — PBA Institute Tutorial
Chapter 21 · HTML Series
10 min read Beginner

HTML Audio & Video Tags

The HTML Audio <audio> and Video <video> tags embed sound and video content directly into webpages. With HTML5 multimedia, you no longer need plugins like Flash — modern browsers play media natively.

What are Audio & Video Tags?

  • <audio> embeds sound files on the page.
  • <video> embeds video files on the page.
  • Both use <source> for multiple format fallbacks.
  • Attributes like controls, autoplay, loop control playback.

Why Use Audio & Video?

🎵

Music & Podcasts

Add background music or embed podcasts.

🎬

Video Content

Stream tutorials, ads or movies.

🚫

No Plugins

HTML5 plays media natively — no Flash.

🎛️

Easy Controls

Built-in play/pause/volume controls.

📱

Cross-Device

Works on desktop, tablet and mobile.

Captions

Add <track> for subtitles and captions.

Audio & Video Syntax

  • Audio: <audio controls><source src="a.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"></audio>
  • Video: <video controls width="400"><source src="v.mp4" type="video/mp4"></video>
  • Attributes: controls, autoplay, loop, muted, poster
  • Multiple sources: Provide multiple <source> tags for format fallback.
  • Captions: <track kind="subtitles" src="en.vtt">

Audio & Video Example

HTML Code — Audio & Video
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

  <h3>Audio Example</h3>
  <audio controls>
    <source src="music.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
    <source src="music.ogg" type="audio/ogg">
    Your browser does not support the audio element.
  </audio>

  <h3>Video Example</h3>
  <video controls width="400" poster="thumb.jpg">
    <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4">
    <source src="movie.webm" type="video/webm">
    Your browser does not support the video tag.
  </video>

</body>
</html>
Output An audio player with play/pause controls and a video player (400px wide) with a poster thumbnail.

Code Explanation

HTML Part Meaning
<audio> Embeds audio content.
<video> Embeds video content.
controls Shows native player controls.
<source> Provides multiple format options for browsers.
poster Displays an image before the video plays.
autoplay / loop / muted Optional playback behavior attributes.

Multimedia Tags & Attributes

Audio
<audio> <source>
Video
<video> <track>
Control
controls autoplay
Style
loop muted poster

Use Cases

  • Online courses: Embed lecture videos.
  • Podcasts: Stream episodes in browser.
  • Marketing: Hero background videos.
  • Tutorials: Step-by-step video demonstrations.

Practice Questions

  • Embed an audio file with controls attribute.
  • Embed a video with width 600 and a poster image.
  • Provide two <source> tags for browser compatibility.
  • Add subtitles using <track> with a .vtt file.

Frequently Asked Questions

What formats are supported?

Audio: MP3, OGG, WAV. Video: MP4, WebM, OGG.

How can I show captions?

Add a <track> element with a .vtt file inside the <video> tag.

Why use multiple source tags?

Different browsers support different formats; multiple sources ensure compatibility.

Does autoplay work everywhere?

Most browsers block autoplay unless the video is muted.

Conclusion

HTML Audio and Video tags make rich multimedia experiences possible on the web — without plugins. Use proper source fallbacks, attributes and captions to deliver content that works for everyone, on every device.

Additional Tips

  • Always add controls: Let users play and pause media.
  • Use poster: Better visual before video starts.
  • Provide fallbacks: Multiple source tags + fallback text.
  • Optimize file size: Compressed videos load faster.

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